Explanation Teks Chapter 1-3

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Explanation Text

Understanding Explanation Text

Explanation text is one type of text in English that describes a process.  Talking about the process, this text is almost the same as procedure text.  However, if procedure text describes how to do something (process), this text explains how a process occurs.  That way, we can know that explanation text serves to provide information to the reader about a process.

Characteristics of Explanation Text

There are several characteristics of this text, namely:

1. Using Simple Present Tense

This text uses the Simple Present Tense because this text describes facts.

2. Using Action Verbs

Action Verbs are verbs that are used to describe an action that is taking place.  Examples are do, make, create, and so on.

3.Using Passive Voices

The use of Passive Voices aims to emphasize the focus on the happenings rather than the subject.

4. Using Noun Phrases

5. Using the Technical Terms

These technical terms refer to technical terms related to the topics discussed in this text.

( Generic Structure of Explanation Text )

There are three parts of the Explanation Text, namely:

1. General Statement

Contains general information about the topic to be discussed in the text.

2. Explanation

Contains a series of events (sequence of events) of a process which is the topic of the text.  We can also explain by using why and how questions, so that our explanation is more comprehensive.

3. Closing

The closing or closing section is optional or does not have to be in this text.  This section may contain additional information or the author's opinion on the topic covered.

( Example )

Text 1 (tentang bagaimana terjadinya hujan)

How Does Rain Happen

We all know that rain is primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world, providing suitable condition for diverse ecosystems. Rain is water that descends from the sky through several processes until the rain occurs. Do you know how does rain happen?

The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of water circle includes the sun heating the Earth’s water surface and causing the water surface to evaporate. Earth’s water includes water from lake, river, and ocean. Then, the water vapor experiences condensation and becomes condensed vapor. Condensed vapor is formed from droplets so that when the air temperature is higher, it makes the droplets gather, condensed and formed into clouds. The presence of winds helps clouds move and gather in other places that have lower temperatures. At that time, the droplets become heavier and unstoppable and cause the droplets to fall so that there is rain.

If the droplets drop in an area with very cold temperatures, the droplets will drop as snow. However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through dry air. This is called Virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.

Berikut terjemahan dari contoh explanation text di atas:

Bagaimana Terjadinya Hujan

Kita semua tahu bahwa hujan adalah sumber utama air tawar untuk sebagian besar wilayah di dunia, menyediakan kondisi yang cocok untuk beragam ekosistem. Hujan adalah air yang turun dari langit melalui beberapa proses hingga hujan terjadi. Apakah kalian tahu bagaimana proses terjadinya hujan?

Fenomena hujan sebenarnya adalah lingkaran air. Konsep lingkaran air meliputi matahari (dengan sinarnya yang terik) memanaskan permukaan air di bumi dan menyebabkan permukaan air tersebut menguap. Air di bumi termasuk air dari danau, sungai, dan laut. Lalu, uap air tersebut mengalami kondensasi (pemadatan) dan menjadi embun. Embun terbentuk dari titik-titik air kecil sehingga ketika suhu udara semakin tinggi, hal tersebut membuat titik-titik air tersebut berkumpul, memadat dan mermbentuk menjadi awan. Adanya tiupan angin membantu awan-awan bergerak dan berkumpul di tempat lain yang memiliki suhu yang lebih rendah. Ketika itu, titik-titik air semakin berat dan tidak terbendung lagi dan menyebabkan butiran-butiran air tersebut jatuh sehingga terjadilah hujan.

Jika titik-titik air turun pada area yang bersuhu sangat dingin, titik-titik air tersebut akan turun sebagai salju. Namun, tidak semua hujan mencapai permukaan. Beberapa menguap saat jatuh melalui udara kering. Hal ini disebut Virga, sebuah fenomena yang sering terlihat di daerah gurun yang panas dan kering.

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( Exercise )

Do the exercise part D & E (page 20-21) from the module above and attach the photo in your blog!

Exercise !

A. Read the text below then answer the questions ! Multiple Choice Test

Text 1

How Do Planes Fly?

It's a plane, an object what can weigh up to 500 tons. How can a giant piece of metal fly and stay up in the sky? 

For a plane to stay in flight it needs four forces to work together. Thrust, lift, weight or gravity and drag.

 

Thrust is what keeps the plane moving forward. Depending on the plane there are different methods to produce thrust. Jets will use its jet engine while other planes such as a crop duster will use a propeller.

Lift is what keeps the plane up and is one of the reasons why a plane has wings shaped the way they are. Many plane's wings are curved at the top and smoother at the bottom. This allows the air passing over the wing to move faster which decreases the air pressure since the air pressure above the wing is lower than the air pressure below the wing. It causes the plane to lift.

Drag is the force that slows the plane down. You've probably experienced drag when you had to walk against the strong wind or have gone skiing down a hill.

For a plane to stay in flight it must have stronger lift than drag similar to how the wings help with increasing lift, the shape of the wings will also help with decreasing drag.

Weight is caused by gravity and is what forces the plane down. The plane is designed the way it is to distribute the weight evenly throughout rather than concentrated in specific areas.

When all four forces are working together this causes the plane to fly lift and weight work together to move the plane up and down, while thrust and drag work together to speed and slow the plane down.

Lastly you should always have a pilot just like a captain steers a ship the pilot steers the plane to its final destination so that answer how the planes fly.

1. What makes planes fly?

A. Thrust, lift, gravity, drag.

B. Wings, wind, and pilot.

C. Thrust, gravity, wings, winds.

D. Pilot, engine, wings and air.

Answer : A

2. Thrust is what keeps the plane moving forward. (first paragraph)

The word thrust has same meaning with . . . . .

A. Energy

B. Power

C. Aerodynamic

D. Driving force

Answer : D

3. According to the text, why are the plane's wings smooth at the bottom part?

A. Because it allows the planes to fly smoothly.

B. To decrease the air pressure.

C. Because it allows the air passing over the wing to move slower.

D. To increase the air pressure.

Answer : B

4. Based on the text, what is the function of drag force?

A. To lift the plane.

B. To slow the air pressure on the plane.

C. To decelerate the plane down.

D. To protect the plane from strong wind.

Answer : C

5. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?

A. The function of gravity.

B. How a plane flies.

C. How the weight force works.

D. How the four forces work together to fly the plane.

Answer : C

B. Change these active sentences into passive voice!

1. I have punished

Answer: Those children has been punished by me.

2. She would sell her house.

Answer: The house would be sold by her.

3. We had found your watches.

Answer: The watches had been found by us.

4. David didn’t rode bicycle.

Answer: The bicycle wasn’t ridden by David.

5. She cut my nail.

Answer: My nail was cut by her.

( Conlcusion ) 

If concluded, explanation text is a type of English text that contains about how or why something happened. Generally, this type of text describes the process of something happening. 

The purpose of the next explanation text is to explain the processes that occur in the formation of something or activities related to natural, social, scientific, cultural, and other phenomena that aim to explain why and how this can happen.

UH 3 Explanation Text

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