Descriptive Text

Hello everyone, my name is Iqnaussalma Baroroh. I want to share material about Descriptive Text. What is Descriptive Text ? What the purpose of the Descriptive Text ? 

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Definition of Descriptive Text Basically, descriptive text is a text that aims to explain, describe, or describe something. This thing can take the form of anything, be it animals, objects, locations, and so on. 

Usually descriptive text is characterized by the use of easy tense and focuses on one object specifically. The object is then discussed again in more detail in the descriptive text. Then what is the difference with recount text? 

At a glance, you will see an example of a recount text, which then retells a story that happened in the past, using the easy past. While descriptive text describes something in more detail. 

Descriptive text can also mean: 

> Descriptive text provides information about how something or someone looks, this text uses words to describe what something or someone is like. 

> Descriptive text also provides facts about how Indonesian is actually used according to the rules and how this text should be used.

The Purpose of Descriptive Text

Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

Artinya :

Descriptive text bertujuan mendeskripsikan dan mengungkap orang, tempat dan benda tertentu.

Ciri-Ciri Descriptive Text / The Characteristic of Descriptive Text

• Using attribute verb, such as ( am, is, are)

: Verb yang digunakan yaitu attribute verb, seperti be (am, is, are)

• Using simple present tense 

: Tense yang digunakan yaitu simple present tense

• Focused on one subject / Thing

: Hanya fokus pada satu objek tersebut.

Struktur Descriptive Text / Generic Structures Descriptive Text

1. Identification 

In this part identification contains about the general introduction of a person, place, animal or object will be described

Artinya : 

Bagian identification ini berisi pendahuluan umum tentang orang, tempat, hewan, atau suatu object yang akan di deskripsikan.

The function of identification is to introduce something we describe, in order, the reader and listener are not miss-understanding. 

Artinya : 

Identification berfungsi sebagai pengenalan dari apa yang kita sedang jelaskan. supaya para pembaca atau pendengar tidak salah mengerti.

2. Description

It contains a description of something such as animal, things, place, or person by describing its features, forms, colors, or anything related to what the writer describes.

Artinya :

Pada bagian description berisi ciri-ciri khusus atau sifat-sifat yang terdapat dalam benda, orang, atau binatang yang penulis jelaskan.

Ciri Kebahasaan Descriptive Text / Language Features of Descriptive Text

1. Noun : Using specific nouns, such as my cat, my boyfriend, National Monument, In addition, often also use adjectives to clarify the use of nouns or nouns, such as a big house, a smart student, an independence woman. 

2. Simple present tense: using the basic verb or the first form (verb 1) and using a verb that can show the ownership or state of an object. 

3. Descriptive text uses the simple present tense because descriptive text tells a fact about the object being described. For example, My office has 22 floors, Queen is pretty, and others. 

4. Action verbs: Using verbs that show an activity or an activity that can be seen. For example, sleep, walk, sing, dance, etc. 

5. Figurative language: Using figurative language or describing something, usually using a metaphor to illustrate to the reader. For example:

My love for you is as big as the ocean. – Cintaku padamu seluas lautan.

Her skin is as white as the snow – Kulitnya seputih salju.

Artinya : 

1. Noun : Menggunakan kata benda yang spesifik, seperti misalnya my cat, my boyfriend, National Monument, Selain itu, sering juga menggunakan adjective (kata sifat) untuk memperjelas penggunaan noun atau kata benda, seperti a big house, a smart student, an independence woman.

2. Simple present tense : menggunakan kata kerja dasar atau bentuk pertama (verb 1) serta menggunakan kata kerja yang dapat menunjukkan kepemilikan atau keadaan sebuah objek. 

3. Descriptive text menggunakan simple present tense karena descriptive text menceritakan sebuah fakta dari objek yang dideskripsikan. Misalnya My office has 22 floors, Queen is pretty, dan lain-lain.

4. Action verbs : Menggunakan kata kerja yang menunjukkan sebuah kegiatan atau sebuah aktifitas yang bisa dilihat. Misalnya, sleep, walk, sing, dance, dll.

5. Figurative language : Menggunakan bahasa yang figurative atau menggambarkan sesuatu, Biasanya menggunakan sebuah metafora untuk memberikan ilustrasi kepada pembaca. 

Misalnya:

My love for you is as big as the ocean. – Cintaku padamu seluas lautan.

Her skin is as white as the snow – Kulitnya seputih salju.

Example Exercise

Descriptive Text of Historical Place and Tourism

The Shard is an 87-storey skyscraper, which sits in the heart of London. It is known as the shard of glass. Construction began in 2009 and was completed three years later in 2012, making it Western European’s tallest building.

Designed by architect Renzo Piano, The Shart is the second tallest free standing structure in the UK. Its exterior boasts 11,000 glass panels — that’s equivalent in area to eight football pitches or two-and-a-half Trafalgar Squares.

The building was developed to have multiple uses, describes on the website as a ‘vertical city where people can live, work and relax’. This motto was clearly taken on board that was found on the 72nd floor towards the end of construction.

(Terjemahan Descriptive Text of Historical Place and Tourism)

The Shard adalah gedung pencakar langit 87 lantai, yang terletak di jantung kota London. Itu dikenal sebagai pecahan kaca. Konstruksi dimulai pada tahun 2009 dan selesai tiga tahun kemudian pada tahun 2012, menjadikannya bangunan tertinggi di Eropa Barat.

Dirancang oleh arsitek Renzo Piano, The Shart adalah struktur berdiri bebas tertinggi kedua di Inggris. Eksteriornya membanggakan 11.000 panel kaca – yang setara dengan luas delapan lapangan sepak bola atau dua setengah Trafalgar Squares.

Bangunan ini dikembangkan untuk memiliki banyak kegunaan, yang dijelaskan di situs web sebagai ‘kota vertikal tempat orang dapat hidup, bekerja dan bersantai’. Motto ini jelas diambil di papan yang ditemukan di lantai ke-72 menjelang akhir konstruksi.

1. What is the text about?

A. The architect Renzo Piano

B. The Shard glass panels

C. The Shard, building in London

D. The tallest building in London

E. The heart of London

Ans : D

2. In Europe, the Shard gains popularity on its …

A. Location

B. Function

C. Height

D. Age

E. Usage

Ans : C

3. What probably makes people interested to stay in the Shard?

A. It has multiple uses

B. It is the tallest building in UK

C. It was built by famous architect

D. It is located in the heart of London

E. It is very cheap

Ans : D

4. “…, making it Western European’s tallest building.” What does the underlined word “it” refer to?

A. The Shard

B. The glass

C. London

D. Skyscraper

E. Renzo Piano

Ans : A

Descriptive Text of Historical Place and Tourism

Kediri is a name of a town. It is situated in a valley between the Kelud and Willis mountains and inhabited by about 1.3 million peoplE. In the centre of the town there is a large hill which is called the Dathok Mountain. Because of the topography of the region, Kediri is called a chilly town by the locals. There is a big river called Brantas cutting off the centre of the town.

Beside the temples, Kediri is also famous for its products like cigarettes and a special kind of tofu or bean curD. This highly nutritious food is delicacy of Kediri and has a distinctive tastE. The cigarettes factory dominates the town economy and employs the majority of the women labor forcE. Kediri and the cigarettes factory are inseparable and it is considered the biggest cigarette factory in IndonesiA. Most of the local people work in this factory. Those who do not work here are farmers or traders.

(Terjemahan Descriptive Text of Historical Place and Tourism) 

Kediri adalah nama sebuah kota. Kota ini terletak di lembah antara pegunungan Kelud dan Willis dan dihuni oleh sekitar 1,3 juta orang. Di pusat kota ada bukit besar yang disebut Gunung Dathok. Karena topografi wilayah tersebut, Kediri disebut kota dingin oleh penduduk setempat. Ada sungai besar bernama Brantas yang memotong pusat kota.

Selain kuil, Kediri juga terkenal dengan produk-produknya seperti rokok dan sejenis tahu atau kacang curD. Makanan bernutrisi tinggi ini adalah makanan khas Kediri dan memiliki rasa yang khas. Pabrik rokok mendominasi ekonomi kota dan mempekerjakan mayoritas tenaga kerja perempuan. Kediri dan pabrik rokok tidak dapat dipisahkan dan dianggap pabrik rokok terbesar di IndonesiA. Sebagian besar penduduk lokal bekerja di pabrik ini. Mereka yang tidak bekerja di sini adalah petani atau pedagang.

5. What does the above text tell about?

A. The history of Kediri

B. The famous products of Kediri

C. The description of Kediri

D. The people

E. 1.3 million people

Ans : C

6. Which one has a distinctive taste?

A. The cigarette

B. The special food

C. The bean curd

D. The highly nutritious food

E. Tofu

Ans : C

Activity 

1. Write a descriptive text, describing RECREATION PLACES, minimal 4 paragraph and attach picture in each paragraph and publish it in your blog

2. Record a video you read the paragraph in a good pronunciation creatively and publish in your you tube channel. attach the video in your blog

Visit the Zoo

When the school holidays arrived, my family and I planned to take a vacation with my family. Finally we decided to go on vacation to the Surabaya Zoo on vacation in the city of Surabaya, East Java Province.

The day that I was waiting for arrived, we also provided the items provided. The distance from Bangkalan to the Zoo is about 40 kilometers. The road we took was quite far through the longest bridge in Southeast Asia via the Suramadu bridge.

After a long journey. Finally we have arrived at the Surabaya Zoo. In this zoo most of the animals are put in cages, therefore we can only see by involving the animals that roam from outside the cage, even then we can't ever be too much with the fence and have to keep walking with the group and should not be separated at all if you do not want to get lost.

This zoo is intended to protect lying animals or animals that are almost extinct due to irresponsible human activities. We as the younger generation must save protected animals and disturb their habitat so that our children can communicate in the future.

The air in the area is quite hot. The place is very spacious so we were quite content to walk around it. After feeling tired, we looked for a place to take shelter and rest while enjoying the lunch that we had prepared.

The day rose in the evening then we got up to go back home on the way home I saw a beautiful sunset from the top of the Suramadu bridge. Wow, what a fun school holiday this time. I hope your school holidays are fun too.

UH 6 about Descriptive Text

My conclusion :

Basically, descriptive text is a text that aims to explain, describe, or describe something. This thing can take the form of anything, be it animals, objects, locations, and so on.

Having the aim to explain in more detail about something with an illustration makes this text easier to understand.

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